Chicanx - t. e. Xicanx ( / ˈtʃiːkæŋks, ˈʃiː -/ CHEE-kanks, SHEE-, [1] / ʃɪˈkænʃ / shih-KANSH [2]) is an English-language gender-neutral neologism and identity referring to people of Mexican descent in the United States. The -x suffix replaces the -o/-a ending of Chicano and Chicana that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish.

 
The Chicanx and Latinx Studies Program is grounded in the decolonization and liberation projects of U.S. Latina/os and their allies in the civil rights, gender, and sexual liberation movements of the 1960s that continue through the present in new forms that address new conditions. Our courses on the U.S. Latina/o experience continue the .... Sabre toothed

Cherrie Moraga is a Chicanx writer, feminist activist, pose, essayist, and playwright. She, too, wrote about the struggles of lesbianism and Chicanx experiences in the United States. As a woman of color, she defied the systematic interpretations of genius through her plays and created characters with powerful personalities with a goal to bring ...us / tʃɪˈkɑː.neks / uk / tʃɪˈkɑː.neks /. relating to a person or people born in the U.S. and with family from Mexico; used when you do not want to say that someone is a man or a …Chicana/Latina Studies Disruptions in Chicano/Latino and Women’s History. This section highlights the contributions of interdisciplinary feminist scholars whose work seeks to recover, reinterpret, and illuminate Chicana/Latina women’s histories, particularly those that center gender and sexuality as analytical categories, thereby intervening in …The Chicanx movement of the 1960’s created solidarity among Mexican-Americans in the Southwest. The movement pursued to change and improve education, politics, and civil rights for Mexican-Americans and Latin Americans during a critical period in United States history. Over the last decade, gender-neutral variations of the word have transformed it to Chicanx or Xixcanx. Chicano...Support Latinx/Chicanx Community UC San Diego’s Latinx community is growing and we are making strides investing in the resources necessary for it to flourish. In honor of Latinx Heritage Month, we encourage you to support the key funds that celebrate our Latinx/Chicanx community and moves us closer to our goal of becoming a Hispanic-Serving ... The Chicanx and Latinx Endowed Library Collection signifies the commitment of University Libraries to model diversity, equity and inclusive excellence in all aspects of its operations, including building collections and offering services and spaces.Luis Alvarez offers a broad study of utopian visions from the 1950s to the 2000s. Probing the film Salt of the Earth, brown-eyed soul music, sitcoms, poster art, and borderlands reggae music, he examines how Chicanx pop culture, capable of both liberation and exploitation, fostered interracial and transnational identities, engaged …Oct 5, 2020 · Since the late 1960s, Chicanx activists, academics, and students have been fighting for the legitimacy of Chicano Studies as a discipline with a rightful place as a department at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Following a four-month protest and successful state lobbying effort in 1975, Chicanx students and activists amended the university’s budget to create the Chican@ Latin@ Studies ... Luis Alvarez offers a broad study of utopian visions from the 1950s to the 2000s. Probing the film Salt of the Earth, brown-eyed soul music, sitcoms, poster art, and borderlands reggae music, he examines how Chicanx pop culture, capable of both liberation and exploitation, fostered interracial and transnational identities, engaged …Nov 3, 2022 · The purpose of using "x" in "Chicanx/Latinx" is to allow for the Chicana, Chicano, Latina, Latino community to be gender expansive, meaning it includes all those who identify and don't identify within the gender spectrum. If you have any suggestions for improving this page or how SHCS can support Chicanx and Latinx students, please let us know. Now, she prefers Chicanx, even though this wording doesn’t actually exist “on paper” for the major. Archives. The Chicano Moratorium: The Chicana Revolt. A series: 50 years later.UMAS y MECHA is a Chicanx and Latinx student group on the University of Colorado Boulder campus. Our mission is to encourage respect, dignity, justice and equality for the Chicana/Chicano. To that end, we work with any organization that advances the rights of all people. We believe that the best form of resistence is created at a grass roots ...Sep 16, 2021 · How Yolanda López Changed Chicanx Art Forever. Yolanda López (R) and her 1978 painting 'Portrait of the Artist as the Virgin of Guadalupe' (L). (Photo by Alexa 'LexMex' Treviño) Yolanda López, the celebrated Chicana artist and longtime Mission District resident, pioneered new representations of the Chicanx community throughout decades of ... Jun 17, 2021 · The social issues and the cultural reflections by queer artists, as featured in ¡Printing the Revolution!, present the intersectional themes and strategies Chicanx and Latinx queer artists use to ... This paper examines final /z/ devoicing among Chicanx teens in Southern California to investigate the degree to which devoiced final /z/ neutralizes with final /s/ in this dialect. Results indicate on the one hand that devoiced /z/ remains distinct from /s/: as expected, devoiced /z/ is significantly less voiceless than /s/ and has a ...The following excerpts from the introduction of The Chicano Movement: Perspectives from the Twenty-First Century, edited by Mario T. Garcia, provide historical context on the Chicano Movement.. The Chicano Movement was the largest and most widespread civil rights and empowerment movement by Mexican-descent people in the …Apr 29, 2021 · For more information about the collection, contact Miller at [email protected] or 657-278-4460. Librarian Barbara Miller discusses the Chicanx Resource Center Collection at Cal State Fullerton’s Pollak Library, which represents a grassroot perspective of Orange County and Southern California history in the 1970s by preserving the stories ... Chicanx punk band The Plugz, known for their innovative blend of punk mainstays and a Mexican folk sound, were also able to gain exposure far beyond the scope of Cesar Chavez Boulevard. By 1984 ...Mar 17, 2023 · Marin was there to discuss the Cheech Marin Center for Chicano Art & Culture at the Riverside Art Museum in California, which opened last year and is propelled by his vast collection of Chicanx ... Chicanx - định nghĩa, nghe phát âm và hơn nữa cho Chicanx: 1. someone born in the US whose family comes from Mexico; used when you do not want to say that…: Xem thêm trong Từ điển Cambridge tiếng Anh-Trung Quốc (Giản Thể) - Cambridge DictionaryIf you grew up Chicano, Chicana, or Chicanx, odds are that you use hundreds of words every day that are of Nawatl origin! Out of the 63 Indigenous languages currently spoken in Mexico, Nawatl remains the most widely spoken with nearly 2 million native speakers. Here are 8 words of Nawatl origin that are common in Chicano …27 sept. 2022 ... El Centro Latinx/Chicanx at VCU empowers faculty, staff, students, alumni and the greater Richmond community in an increasingly global ...The Department offers undergraduate majors and minors in Asian American and Asian Diaspora Studies, Chicanx Latinx Studies, Native American Studies, and Comparative Ethnic Studies, as well as a Ph.D. in Ethnic Studies. Ethnic Studies Community Services Mutual AID in a time of COVID-19. Ethnic Studies Community ResourcesMiller, Gomez-Fuentes and other student assistants gave a presentation about the collection, titled, “Introducing the Chicanx Collection: Voices from the Past Illuminate the Present and Future,” during this spring’s library faculty talks.Here’s how UC San Diego explains the term Latinx (and Chicanx): “The “x” in Latinx/Chicanx transforms the gender-specific terms ‘Latino’ and ‘Chicano’ into more inclusive forms of ...Every student has up to $8,700 in available loans and work-study. Family ties are central to success and wellbeing in Latinx/Chicanx culture. It is the “familismo,” or connection to family, that lends strength and purpose to each new generation. For many students, significant decisions such as where to attend college are discussed and ...In Chapter 8: Education and Activism, you will learn more about the history of activist and legal challenges to segregation and the relationship between this work and the field of Chicanx and Latinx studies. The roots of current-day ethnic studies are connected to the ongoing resistance to oppressive educational systems such as these.1: Foundations and Contexts. This chapter introduces Chicanx and Latinx studies, providing foundational information and context for learners. It emphasizes new directions in the field, including transnational, intersectional, and relational approaches. The chapter discusses the historical roots of the discipline within ethnic studies movements ... The Chicano History mural (Figure 1) is the first chicanx mural produced for a university. 1 Chicano History was painted for the University of California Los Angeles Chicano Studies Research Center Library (UCLA-CSRC). At that time, located on the 3rd floor at Campbell Hall.Latinx. Latinx is a neologism in American English which is used to refer to people of Latin American cultural or ethnic identity in the United States. The gender-neutral -x suffix replaces the -o/-a ending of Latino and Latina that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish. Its plural is Latinxs. Words used for similar purposes include Latin ...Jan 27, 2023 · At SWAG, Chicanx and Latinx alumni can share their professional journeys and give advice to students. The annual SWAG conference also includes collaborations with campus partners such as Alianza (a Chicanx/Latinx staff organization), Chicanx Latinx Studies Program, and the Career Center. This allows students to receive feedback on resumes ... Underscoring the use of gender-neutral alternatives by primarily younger generations, a 2019 Pew Research Center survey found that only 3% of Hispanics/Latinos use the term “Latinx,” while the majority (76%) of adult Hispanic/Latinos haven’t even heard of the term “Latinx.”. Hispanic, Chicano, Latino/a, and Latinx are broad labels ...t. e. Xicanx ( / ˈtʃiːkæŋks, ˈʃiː -/ CHEE-kanks, SHEE-, [1] / ʃɪˈkænʃ / shih-KANSH [2]) is an English-language gender-neutral neologism and identity referring to people of Mexican descent in the United States. The -x suffix replaces the -o/-a ending of Chicano and Chicana that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish. 27 sept. 2022 ... El Centro Latinx/Chicanx at VCU empowers faculty, staff, students, alumni and the greater Richmond community in an increasingly global ...Section 3.1 provides an introduction to the field of Chicanx/Latinx history, emphasizing the need for racially marginalized communities to tell their own stories. …community because Chicanx and Latinx spaces t end to refuse t o acknowledge queer identities. The mural, whi ch inc luded a trans man i n the center, was threate ned on social media a nd was .Inter State by José Vadi. This debut, interlinked essay collection is an ode to the silent yet ubiquitous experiences that every Chicano from California knows, and a look into Valdi’s experience working in tech as the grandson of Mexican farmworkers. In the essay “Getting to Suzy’s,” Valdi describes his ritual of playing jukebox music ...Chicanx Shop. from $6.00 | / Beautifully crafted high-quality Stickers. from $6.00 | / Quick shop Choose options Pink Embroidered Rebozo Artesanias Helizabet. $35.00 | / Beautiful pink Rebozo, with multicolored, embroidered flowers. Rebozo, rosa, con flores multicolores, bordadas 26 1/2 in by 73in . $35.00 ...Definition of Chinx in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of Chinx. What does Chinx mean? Information and translations of Chinx in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, New York University's Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music, and The Pop Conference awarded the following books as the winners of the 2023 Ralph J. Gleason Music Book Award: 1st Place: Black Country Music: Listening for Revolutions by Francesca T. Royster (University of Texas Press) 2nd Place: Dilla Time: The ...Drawing from Chicanx and Black feminisms and Chicanx cultural studies, we conceptualize rasquache resistance through rasquachismo, a concept theorized by Tomás Ybarra-Frausto that identifies the working-class sensibilities of Chicanx communities as an aesthetic rooted in survival, creativity, and cultural production. ...In Chapter 8: Education and Activism, you will learn more about the history of activist and legal challenges to segregation and the relationship between this work and the field of Chicanx and Latinx studies. The roots of current-day ethnic studies are connected to the ongoing resistance to oppressive educational systems such as these.It’s about learning to sit with that uncomfortableness.”. To prove her point, look at the 2021 Gallup poll. When asked their preference between Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx, the overwhelming majority—57 percent—put down, “Does not matter.”. Assistant Professor Maia Gil’Adí defends the now-infamous term “Latinx,” saying it’s ...The social issues and the cultural reflections by queer artists, as featured in ¡Printing the Revolution!, present the intersectional themes and strategies Chicanx and Latinx queer artists use to ...Originally wealthier Mexican-Americans used the term as a pejorative, a way to describe Mexican-Americans of lower social standing (likely with some racial overtones). But it wasn’t until the outbreak of the civil rights movement in the 1960s that the term “Chicano” became popular. Students walked out in protest at public schools from ...On-campus and Online Cultural Events. The mission of the El Centro Student Program is to unite all cultural backgrounds, Latinx and Chicanx; to support, educate, and assist students in completing their educational goals while providing cultural enrichment, and solidarity between Mt.SAC’s students and surrounding communities.Chicanx histories in Greater Santa Ana. There is no monolithic Chicanx identity today, and there was no unconflicted unity in the past, either. Chicanxs Unidxs’ praxis, as we are defining it, has emerged from the diverse organising histories of Mexican origin and Chicanx people in Southern California.Food, entertainment, music and a celebration of community put the finishing touch on San Diego State University's salute to Latinx traditions, individuals and contributions honored during Hispanic Heritage Month 2023. The fourth annual Pachanga event on Thursday — hosted by the Division of Student Affairs and Campus Diversity department ...The author describes the word “Hispanic” as “a product of oppression and colonialism,” definitively declaring that “no Latino should ever choose to identify with the term ‘Spanish’.”. Meanwhile, many other …The Rise and Impact of Chicano Graphics, 1965 to Now, all part of SAAM's collection, revise notions of Chicanx identity, spur political activism and educate viewers in new understandings of U.S. and international history. Hasta La Victoria Siempre (1975) by Luis C. González, Héctor D. González, and Royal Chicano Air Force Smithsonian ...Decolonizing Politics: An Introduction By Robbie Shilliam Polity, 2021. Robbie Shilliam’s Decolonizing Politics is an audacious introduction to the academic study of politics across the four subfields of political theory, political behaviour, comparative politics and international relations.It is audacious in its unapologetic demonstration of how — …Mission. The University of California (UC) Chicanx Latinx Alumni Association (CLAA) is a statewide collective of Latinx alumni from all ten UC campuses whose ...Our Mission at the Chicanx Latinx Student Center is to promote academic success and achievement for all students especially those of Latin/Spanish ethnicity, ...May 1, 2019 · When members of the nation's oldest Mexican-American student organization voted to change its name, it revealed generational tensions around the past, present, and future of the Chicano movement. Sep 21, 2023 · As you find your way at UC Davis, the Center for Chicanx and Latinx Academic Student Success (CCLASS) or El Centro is committed to providing academic, social, and personal support. We offer a welcoming space for you to study, receive support, and build community. We want UC Davis to be the affirming and diverse home you deserve while you grow ... López y Rivas’s book is a short introduction to Chicano history and the current Chicano Movement. The Chicanos, intended to be read by those who have the barest acquaintance with the social reality of Chicanos, was directed towards a Mexican audience, and it was subsequently translated into English.Perhaps because of this, the work is …29 avr. 2021 ... Librarian Barbara Miller discusses the Chicanx Resource Center Collection at Cal State Fullerton's Pollak Library, which represents a ...The Chicanx-Latinx Law Review (CLLR) at UCLA School of Law invites scholars, graduate students, practitioners, and impacted Latinx community members to submit manuscripts and personal narratives for our upcoming volume: Volume 40 - Latina Futures: Transforming the Nation Through Law & Policy. We seek submissions that will uplift our diverse ...relating to a person or people born in the US and with family from Mexico; used when you do not want to say that someone is a man or a woman: There is an increasing number of Chicanx and Latinx students at the university. This is a book about Chicanx perspectives on life in California. More examplesJan 5, 2021 · That is manifested by Latino, Mexican American, Hispanic, Chicanx and Latinx being defined by the White political system to control people. Another practice of defining Chicanas and Chicanos was ... "Chicanx Utopias: Pop Culture and the Politics of the Possible" looks at the influence, and limits, of Chicanx people in art, TV, music, film and more. From Texas Standard: Popular culture often has a reputation for being a less serious form of cultural expression.The ideologies of Chicanx leaders crept into art, music, and influenced such films as Zoot Suit (1981), Born in East L.A. (1987), Chicano Park (1988), and Stand and Deliver (1988). According to Kathleen Newman, these and other similar films were an attempt by Chicanx filmmakers to reorient the “anglocentric U.S. film industry” (Newman 68). 5. Ander and Santi Were Here by Jonny Garza Villa. via merchant. If you’re looking for some queer Latinx romance, look no further than this YA novel by Jonny Garza Villa, which hit shelves in ...Apr 29, 2021 · For more information about the collection, contact Miller at [email protected] or 657-278-4460. Librarian Barbara Miller discusses the Chicanx Resource Center Collection at Cal State Fullerton’s Pollak Library, which represents a grassroot perspective of Orange County and Southern California history in the 1970s by preserving the stories ... Chicanx Movement. Also widely known as El Movimiento, the Chicanx, or Chicano, Movement was aimed at liberating people of Mexican descent from the clutches of structural racism in the 1940s and 50s (Ruiz 101). The Chicanx Movement is often compared to the Black Power Movement. Indeed, both originated roughly at the same time.The social issues and the cultural reflections by queer artists, as featured in ¡Printing the Revolution!, present the intersectional themes and strategies Chicanx and Latinx queer artists use to ...Bachelor of Arts (BA) ... The Chicanx Latinx Studies Program is grounded in the decolonization and liberation projects of U.S. Latina/os and their allies in the ...The Chicanx Latinx Studies Program is grounded in the decolonization and liberation projects of U.S. Latina/os and their allies in the civil rights, gender, and sexual liberation movements of the 1960s that continue through the present in new forms that address new conditions. Our courses on the U.S. Latina/o experience continue the historic ...27 sept. 2022 ... El Centro Latinx/Chicanx at VCU empowers faculty, staff, students, alumni and the greater Richmond community in an increasingly global ...How Yolanda López Changed Chicanx Art Forever. Yolanda López (R) and her 1978 painting 'Portrait of the Artist as the Virgin of Guadalupe' (L). (Photo by Alexa 'LexMex' Treviño) Yolanda López, the celebrated Chicana artist and longtime Mission District resident, pioneered new representations of the Chicanx community throughout decades of ...The Chicanx-Latinx Law Review (CLLR) at UCLA School of Law invites scholars, graduate students, practitioners, and impacted Latinx community members to submit manuscripts and personal narratives for our upcoming volume: Volume 40 - Latina Futures: Transforming the Nation Through Law & Policy. We seek submissions that will uplift our diverse ...The Chicanx/Latinx Graduation, also known as CLG, or the UCSB Comunidad Latinx Graduacion is a student-run organization that funds for its own graduation by coordinating fundraisers, finding generous sponsors, and collecting member fees. The UCSB Comunidad Latinx Graduacion is an end of the year celebration for Latinx students and families.Cherrie Moraga is a Chicanx writer, feminist activist, pose, essayist, and playwright. She, too, wrote about the struggles of lesbianism and Chicanx experiences in the United States. As a woman of color, she defied the systematic interpretations of genius through her plays and created characters with powerful personalities with a goal to bring ...The Westlake, Los Angeles workspace of 20 year old Chicanx fashion designer Salina Zazueta-Beltrán, who makes each piece of clothing that she sells in her online store, Mujerista Market, by hand. ...Chicanx histories of the present: a praxis against gang injunctions in Orange County, California, 2008–2016 19 courtroom hearings, meetings with lawyers and a variety of other events as well ...Oct 14, 2020 · A first-gen college student, Gonzalez earned her bachelor’s degree in sociology and Chicanx/Latinx studies from Loyola Marymount University before attending the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of ... About. Over the last fifty years, the Chicanx-Latinx Law Review (CLLR) has provided an essential forum for the discussion of issues affecting the Latinx community, and other marginalized communities, that mainstream law journals continue to ignore. In publishing Volume One, CLLR introduced to the nation the first legal journal that recognized ...Student Mentor - Chicanx/Latinx Student Center (CLSC) Washington State University Aug 2023 - Present 3 months. Pullman, Washington, United States Data Analyst Intern - College Assistance Migrant ...Passing AB 101, which requires California students to take an ethnic studies course prior to high school graduation, was a promise to honor the historical and cultural experiences of Chicanx ...Chicanx definition: 1. someone born in the US whose family comes from Mexico; used when you do not want to say that…. Learn more.This book was written at a time, in 1983, when there was a push to censor gay Chicanx identities. The book explores topics I strongly identify with: being Chicanx, having white-passing privilege, being gay and unapologetic, the denigration of Chicanx culture, feminism, and supporting other women of color. 4.While the Chicanx movement had many sources and tactics, the drafting of crucial written texts became a key feature of the 1960s and 1970s, and a key focus in historical narratives. One of the first texts of imaginative challenge during the classical movement era, the Plan of Delano, emerged in 1966 because of the grape strike.CLG is a very special ceremony for the Chicanx/Latinx community as an underrepresented group, especially due to the fact that a large portion of graduating students within this community are first generation college students. We want to make this graduation as special as possible by touching base on the cultural aspects.

May 1, 2019 · When members of the nation's oldest Mexican-American student organization voted to change its name, it revealed generational tensions around the past, present, and future of the Chicano movement. . Gwidt

chicanx

Apr 25, 2022 · "Chicanx Utopias: Pop Culture and the Politics of the Possible" looks at the influence, and limits, of Chicanx people in art, TV, music, film and more. From Texas Standard: Popular culture often has a reputation for being a less serious form of cultural expression. Sep 18, 2020 · Chicano activists took on a name that had long been a racial slur—and wore it with pride. In the 1960s, a radicalized Mexican-American movement began pushing for a new identification. The ... Learn about the history and achievements of Latinx civil rights movements in the United States, from the colonial era to the present day. This guide from the Library of Congress provides access to a rich collection of primary and secondary sources on various topics and events related to Latinx activism and culture.Oct 14, 2020 · A first-gen college student, Gonzalez earned her bachelor’s degree in sociology and Chicanx/Latinx studies from Loyola Marymount University before attending the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of ... May 19, 2023 · For Chicanx and Latinx communities, specific stereotypes have been constructed in response to social, political, economic, and cultural systems. For example, tropicalism is a negative trope that homogenizes Latinx people by focusing on a fixed set of shared traits: bright colors, rhythmic dancing, and darker skin suited to an “exotic” locale. The Chicanx movement of the 1960’s created solidarity among Mexican-Americans in the Southwest. The movement pursued to change and improve education, …Définition de Chicanx en anglais ... someone born in the US whose family comes from Mexico; used when you do not want to say that someone is a man or a woman, or ...“Perhaps the first Chicanx individual to envision photography as an art form is Louis Carlos Bernal, … who may rightly be called the father of Chicanx photograph,” Ferrer says.This effort stands on the shoulders of all the students, alumni, staff, and faculty who have worked for decades to support Berkeley’s Latinx community. Our Latinx Thriving Initiatives will leverage Berkeley’s Latinx community’s diversity and strengths, honoring the specificity and diversity of communities, collective knowledge, cultural ...Raul Arboleda/AFP via Getty Images. We've been using the term "Latinx" on NPR's Code Switch podcast regularly. But new research shows it hasn't really caught on among Latino adults in the U.S ...8 févr. 2023 ... Since 1987, UC Davis has celebrated the academic achievement of its Chicanx/Latinx students. The goal of the Chicanx/Latinx Graduation ...For Chicanx and Latinx communities, specific stereotypes have been constructed in response to social, political, economic, and cultural systems. For example, tropicalism is a negative trope that homogenizes Latinx people by focusing on a fixed set of shared traits: bright colors, rhythmic dancing, and darker skin suited to an "exotic" locale.Butter toasted bolillo bread, with mayonnaise, melted cheese and Choice of Protein, Romaine Lettuce, Tomato , escabeche (pickled carrots and jalapenos), purple onions.Section 3.1 provides an introduction to the field of Chicanx/Latinx history, emphasizing the need for racially marginalized communities to tell their own stories. …Chicano, identifier for people of Mexican descent born in the United States. The term came into popular use by Mexican Americans as a symbol of pride during the Chicano Movement of the 1960s. The Chicano community created a strong political and cultural presence in response to years of social.Definition of Chicanx in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of Chicanx. What does Chicanx mean? Information and translations of Chicanx in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.1 mai 2019 ... The term Chicano/Chicanx she feels leaves out many Latinos who've been involved with M.E.Ch.A. but are not Mexican American. It's something that ...In Chapter 8: Education and Activism, you will learn more about the history of activist and legal challenges to segregation and the relationship between this work and the field of Chicanx and Latinx studies. The roots of current-day ethnic studies are connected to the ongoing resistance to oppressive educational systems such as these.The Chicanx Latinx Studies Program is grounded in the decolonization and liberation projects of U.S. Latina/os and their allies in the civil rights, gender, and sexual liberation movements of the 1960s that continue through the present in new forms that address new conditions..

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