What is mesozoic era - Non-bird dinosaurs lived between about 245 and 66 million years ago, in a time known as the Mesozoic Era. This was many millions of years before the first modern humans , Homo sapiens, appeared. Scientists divide the …

 
The Mesozoic Era: The Mesozoic era was a geological time period which lasted from 252 million years ago to 65 million years ago. It was made up of the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.. Mydish com

What is the evidence of Mesozoic Era? During the Mesozoic, or "Middle Life" era, life diversified rapidly and giant reptiles, dinosaurs and other monstrous beasts roamed the Earth. The period, which spans from about 252 million years ago to about 66 million years ago, was also known as the age of reptiles or the age of dinosaurs.Oct 26, 2020 · The time scale is divided into four large periods of time—the Cenozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Paleozoic Era, and The Precambrian. Cenozoic Era. The Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago through today) is the "Age of Mammals." Birds and mammals rose in prominence after the extinction of giant reptiles. The meaning of PALEOZOIC is of, relating to, originating in, or being an era of geologic history that extends from the beginning of the Cambrian to the close of the Permian and is marked by the culmination of nearly all classes of invertebrates except the insects and in the later epochs by the appearance of terrestrial plants, amphibians, and reptiles; also : …Deep Time: Intro | Precambrian Eon | Paleozoic Era | Mesozoic Era | Cenozoic Era. Precambrian Eon: (4,550-543 mya) Hadean | Archaean | Proterozoic. Archaean Era (3,850-2,500 mya). Both life and ...Mesozoic Era Add to Mendeley Volume 5 Shahid Iqbal, in Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition), 2021 Introduction The Mesozoic Era (252–66 Ma) spread over an …Aug 1, 2016 · Dinosaur Periods of the Mesozoic Era. Dinosaurs were alive in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Together, these three periods make up the Mesozoic Era. Due to the dominance of the dinosaurs and other reptiles during the Mesozoic Era, it has become known as the ‘Age of Reptiles’. Mesozoic Era (252.17 to 66 million years ago) Mesozoic era, also called the Age of Dinosaurs. The Mesozoic is divided into smaller chunks of time. 4 The oldest chunk of the Mesozoic era is called the Triassic period. About 245 million years ago, there was a mass extinction of about 90 percent of life on Earth.The Mesozoic Era is a geological era that began 252 million years ago with a mass extinction and ended approximately 66 million years ago with another mass extinction called the K-Pg Extinction ...The geologic era in which humans have evolved and spread over the Earth is the Cenozoic Era. This time period began roughly 65 million years before the start of the 21st century. The Cenozoic Era began at the end of the Mesozoic Era when th...The Mesozoic Era The Mesozoic Era extended from 248 Million to 65 Million Years Ago. The Mesozoic Era was important for the fossil remains of the dinosaurs and other reptiles that lived. However, the Mesozoic Era landscape was also occupied by insects, early mammals, plants such as conifers and ferns, fish, and finally flowering plants and ...Mesozoic. ( geology) The Mesozoic era. The whole history of the earth is divided into five eras, with corresponding rock-systems. These are: 1. Archæan or Eozoic 1 era, embodied in the Laurentian system; 2. Palæozoic 2 era, embodied in the Palæozoic or Primary system; 3. Mesozoic 3 era, recorded in the Secondary system; 4.The Mesozoic era means the "middle animals' ', in this era the world fauns get changed drastically from the Paleozoic era. The Mesozoic era had the most popular organism that is dinosaurs; they evolved in the Triassic period but not diverse till the Jurassic period. The Mesozoic era had birds that did not get extinct but the dinosaurs got ...Apr 28, 2023 · The Mesozoic Era begins with the Triassic Period. This era is popularly known as the “Age of Reptiles” and for good reason: reptiles, and particularly dinosaurs, were the dominant land-dwelling vertebrate animals at the time. The Paleozoic Era is also the time in which plants and animals adapted to life on land. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras make up the youngest half of the Phanerozoic. The Triassic Period, the youngest period of the Mesozoic Era, was the time in which both mammals and dinosaurs evolved. Typical mammal fossils from the Mesozoic era (252 million to 66 million years ago) are little more than teeth and jaw fragments, but Chinese specimens often have entire skeletons, with fur, skin ...Generally, the eras used to describe the modern Earth are the Quaternary geological era and the Cenozoic evolutionary era. In the future, there may also be a historical era that the current time period, the 21st century, will belong to.Unauthorized use is prohibited. <p>An <i>Allosaurus</i> tramps through a Mesozoic. Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited. <p>A ...Mesozoic Era. From the dawn of the dinosaurs to their extinction, the Mesozoic was ruled by reptiles. Dinosaurs may have dominated this era, but it also saw the evolution of mammals, birds and flowering plants. Some of the plant and animal groups from this time are extinct, but others have survived until today, which is why the Mesozoic is ...The Mesozoic era saw the rise of some of the most iconic animals, from Tyrannosaurus rex to birds and mammals. New research suggests that reptiles that lived during the dinosaur age were...The Mesozoic era, which spanned the time from 251 million to 66 million years ago, is often referred to as the age of dinosaurs. But although dinosaurs reigned supreme on land back then, they did ...During the Mesozoic Era (a period of more than 180 million years that included the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods), a species of non-avian dinosaur evolved into a species of avian dinosaur. This avian dinosaur is the first bird and the forerunner of all birds. Every non-avian dinosaur went extinct 66 million years ago.Mesozoic Era: The Age of Dinosaurs. The Mesozoic Era is literally the era of “middle life.”. It is also known as the age of dinosaurs. It lasted from 245 to 65 million years ago and is divided into the three periods described in Figure below. The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent Pangaea.What is a fossil? A fossil is any evidence of prehistoric life (plant or animal) that is at least 10,000 years old. The most common fossils are bones and teeth, but fossils of footprints and skin impressions exist as well. Fossils are excavated from many environments, including ancient riverbeds and lakes, caves, volcanic ash falls, and tar pits.Mesozoic Era, Precambrian time, Cenozoic Era, Paleozoic Era. Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Precambrian Time, Cenozoic. Multiple Choice. Edit. Please save your changes before editing any questions. 20 seconds. 1 pt. Which division on the geologic time scale is the shortest? epoch. era. eon. period.5 jun 2018 ... ... Mesozoic Era, this 155-kilometer-long coastal strip has long been recognized as an important place in the study of earth science. But it's ...Sundance Sea. The Sundance Sea was an epeiric sea that existed in North America during the mid-to-late Jurassic Period of the Mesozoic Era. [1] It was an arm of what is now the Arctic Ocean, and extended through what is now western Canada into the central western United States. The sea receded when highlands to the west began to rise.The Ozone layer was created and the first land plants, insects, amphibians, and first reptiles evolved. This era is also known as the Age of Amphibians. Mesozoic Era: Known as the Age of Dinosaurs ...The heyday of the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs was the middle-to-late Mesozoic Era, especially the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous period; by the end of the Mesozoic Era, these marine reptiles had been widely supplanted by even more vicious mosasaurs, which likewise succumbed to the K/T Extinction 65 million years ago. The big fish/bigger fish template applies throughout evolutionary history ...The oldest chunk of the Mesozoic era is called the Triassic period. About 245 million years ago, there was a mass extinction of about 90 percent of life on ...The Mesozoic Era is the age of dinosaurs. They evolved from earlier reptiles to fill niches on land, in the water, and in the air. Mammals also evolved but were small in size. Flowering plants appeared for the first time. Dinosaurs went extinct at the end of the Mesozoic. The Mesozoic Era is generally divided into three separate 'Periods' (Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous). The Mesozoic Timeline. Entering and leaving the scene with a bang, the Mesozoic Era both started and ended with a mass-extinction event, resulting in the transition from the Paleozoic Era to the Mesozoic Era. The initial extinction event ...The era opened with the breakup of the world-continent Pannotia and closed with the formation of Pangea, as the Earth's continents came together once again. Many Paleozoic rocks are economically important. ... Find out more about the Mesozoic paleontology and geology of North America at the Paleontology Portal's pages on the Cambrian ...The Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic are the Eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Names of units and age boundaries usually follow the Gradstein et al. (2012), Cohen et al. (2012), and Cohen et al. (2013, updated) compilations. Numerical age estimates and picks of boundaries usually follow the Cohen et al. (2013, updated) compilation.The Mesozoic Era is the second-to-last era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about , comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods. It is characterized by the dominance of archosaurian reptiles , such as the dinosaurs ; an abundance of gymnosperms , (such as ginkgoales , bennettitales ) and ferns ; a hot greenhouse climate ...The cryosphere is part of which sphere of the Earth system? hydrosphere. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In which era did mammals emerge?, Which is a difference between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic era?, What describes what is gained or lost during radioactive decay? and more.The Mesozoic Era is known as the "Age of Reptiles." Today's reptiles represent only a fraction of the reptile groups and species that have lived. Reptile - Evolution, Paleontology, Adaptation: The first land vertebrates, the Tetrapoda, appeared near the middle of the Devonian Period. The earliest known reptiles, Hylonomus and Paleothyris ...The Mesozoic Era is literally the era of "middle life." It is also known as the age of dinosaurs. It lasted from 245 to 65 million years ago and is divided into the three periods described inFigure below. The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent Pangaea. Then, during the era, Pangaea broke up and the continents drifted apart.Mesozoic Era: 250 Million to 65 Million Years Ago Science Library / Getty Images After the Permian Extinction caused so many species to go extinct, a wide …Advertisement. January 5, 2023 by Normandi Valdez. The question of whether cacti existed alongside dinosaurs is one that has long puzzled scientists and laypeople alike. While it is generally accepted that dinosaurs roamed the Earth during the Mesozoic Era, it is less clear whether one of Earth's most enduring and iconic plants, the cactus ...The Mesozoic Era spanned 252 to 66 million years ago a tiny part of the Earth's long history. Imagine yourself at the dawn of the Mesozoic about 250 million years ago. Most large animals are reptiles rather than mammals; there are no dinosaurs, no bird sounds, and no flowers to pick or grass to mow. The Mesozoic (from the Greek prefix meso meaning “between” and zoon, animal or "living being") era is an interval of about 186 million years defined on the geologic timescale as spanning roughly from 251 to 65 million years ago (mya), and as being the second of three eras of the Phanerozoic eon. The Mesozoic era lies between the earlier ... Mesozoic Era (245 to 65 mya) One of the most striking events in the Mesozoic Era was the rise to dominance of dinosaurs in terrestrial ecosystems. The Mesozoic lasted from 245 to 65 million years ago, and is divided into three periods. The Mesozoic, which derives its name from the Greek with a rough meaning of middle animals, began after the ...The Mesozoic Era, which occurred from 252 to 66 million years ago, was a time of great diversity and evolution for plant life on Earth. During this time, the planet saw the rise and fall of many different plant groups, including conifers, cycads, and flowering plants. One of the most well-known plant groups from the Mesozoic Era is the conifers.The Mesozoic era is a geological time period that began approximately 251.9 million years ago and ended 66 million years ago. It is preceded by the Paleozoic era and followed by the Cenozoic era. Answer and Explanation: 1The Mesozoic Era was the time from 248 million to 65 million years ago. During the Mesozoic, the Earth was very different than it is now.In fact, the first mammals evolved from a population of vertebrates called therapsids (mammal-like reptiles) at the end of the Triassic period and coexisted with dinosaurs throughout the Mesozoic Era. But part of this folktale has a grain of truth. It was only after the dinosaurs went kaput that mammals were able to evolve beyond their tiny ...Nov 23, 2020 · The Mesozoic Era was undoubtedly a defining time in history. The surge of plant and animal life that led to dinosaurs’ existence is a whirlwind of exciting and startling information. For two-thirds of this era (and for millions of years before humankind existed), these great creatures walked the Earth without being disturbed. The Mesozoic Era. The Mesozoic Era (about 252 to 66 million years ago) is divided into three periods—the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous—and is remarkable for the transgression of ancient seas and for the emergence of massive land formations containing interesting fossil remains.Mesozoic time (from 230 million yrs back to 63 million yrs ago) is the time of archaic life and incorporates three periods in particular, Cretaceous (135 million yrs), Jurassic (180 million yrs) and Triassic (225 million years).Mid to late Mesozoic Era Cretaceous. In the Early Cretaceous, Britain experienced a warm climate with lagoonal, lake and fluvial environments. Rocks of this age contain dinosaur remains. Higher sea levels led to chalk deposition in the Late Cretaceous. Many groups of animals became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous, including ammonites and ...The Mesozoic Era: The Mesozoic era was a geological time period which lasted from 252 million years ago to 65 million years ago. It was made up of the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.The heyday of the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs was the middle-to-late Mesozoic Era, especially the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous period; by the end of the Mesozoic Era, these marine reptiles had been widely supplanted by even more vicious mosasaurs, which likewise succumbed to the K/T Extinction 65 million years ago. The big fish/bigger fish template applies throughout evolutionary history ...The Paleozoic Era started 542 million years ago with the emergence of complex life forms and ended 251 million years ago with the largest mass extinction the world has ever experienced. It is the ...During the Mesozoic, or “Middle Life” era, life diversified rapidly and giant reptiles, dinosaurs and other monstrous beasts roamed the Earth. The period, which spans from about 252 million years ago to about 66 million years ago, was also known as the age of reptiles or the age of dinosaurs.What is a fossil? A fossil is any evidence of prehistoric life (plant or animal) that is at least 10,000 years old. The most common fossils are bones and teeth, but fossils of footprints and skin impressions exist as well. Fossils are excavated from many environments, including ancient riverbeds and lakes, caves, volcanic ash falls, and tar pits.The Mesozoic Era is literally the era of “middle life.”. It is also known as the age of dinosaurs. It lasted from 252 to 66 million years ago and is divided into three periods. The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent Pangaea. Then, during the era, Pangaea broke up and the continents drifted apart. The movement of continents changed climates.An era of geologic time from the beginning of the Tertiary period to the present. Its name is from Greek and means "new life." Quaternary. (1.8 million years ago - Present) The second period of the Cenozoic era. It contains two epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene.During the Paleozoic Era, there were times when there was only a single global continent (Pangea), but landmasses joined and separated with the passage of time. The global map was significantly different during the Mesozoic, with major masses (Gondwanaland and Laurasia) during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras.Shop for Mesozoic Era SB7744, by York Wallcoverings. $31.99 at Wallpaper Boulevard. Free shipping on all orders in continental USA.Marine crocodiles. Several kinds of ocean-going crocodiles evolved during the Mesozoic Era. All are extinct but distantly related to the crocodiles that still exist. Mosasaurs. These ancient predators had short necks, powerful jaws typically lined with cone-shaped teeth, and long, muscular tails to proper them through the water.The fourth major mass extinction was actually a combination of many, smaller extinction events that happened over the last 18 million years of the Triassic Period during the Mesozoic Era. Over this long time span, about half of all known species on Earth at the time perished.The Mesozoic Era began 252 million years ago and lasted for almost 200 million years. This era is known as the “Age Of Reptiles” due to the dominance of this group of animals not only on land, in the shape of the dinosaurs, but also in the oceans and skies. The Mesozoic Era is divided into three periods; the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous.The cryosphere is part of which sphere of the Earth system? hydrosphere. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In which era did mammals emerge?, Which is a difference between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic era?, What describes what is gained or lost during radioactive decay? and more.After the Jurassic era came the mesozoic era.The Mesozoic Era is a period from about 250 million years ago to about 67 million years ago. It is called the Age of Dinosaursbecause most dinosaurs ...The Mesozoic Era was a geologic period of time beginning around 252 million years ago and ending around 65 million years ago. Contained within the Mesozoic Era are the Jurassic, Triassic, and Cretaceous Periods.Nov 3, 2013 · Mesozoic means “middle life”, deriving from the Greek prefix meso-/μεσο- for “between” and zōon/ζῷον meaning “animal” or “living being”. It is one of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, preceded by the Paleozoic (“ancient life”) and succeeded by the Cenozoic (“new life”). The era is subdivided into ... Answer and Explanation: 1. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account. View this answer. During the Paleozoic era, there were a few major geologic events that occurred. This includes: Pangaea Splitting: The supercontinent Pangaea began to... See full answer below.The Mesozoic era is the age of dinosaurs and was from 245 to 66 million years ago. The Cenozoic period began 65 million years ago and continues today. How many eras has the earth had?Jan 3, 2022 · The final period of the Mesozoic era, the Cretaceous period, which happened about 145 to 65 million years ago, saw the largest and the most diverse range of dinosaurs. Some of the most heaviest and brutal dinosaurs, like the Tyrannosaurus rex, lived in the Cretaceous period. The end of the Mesozoic era was marked by the mass extinction, wiping ... The Mesozoic Era was when there was a warm climate that dinosaurs thrived in for 135 million years. It was also during this period that Pangea would begin to split apart, starting the formation of ... : of, relating to, or being an era of geologic history comprising the interval between the Permian and the Tertiary or the corresponding system of rocks that was marked by the presence of dinosaurs, marine and flying reptiles, ammonites, ferns, and gymnosperms and the appearance of angiosperms, mammals, and birds see Geologic Time TableThe Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras. The Geologic Time Scale is the history of the Earth broken down into four spans of time marked by various events, such as the emergence of certain species, their evolution, and their extinction, that help distinguish one era from another. Strictly speaking, Precambrian Time is not an ...(The Paleozoic Era, meaning "ancient life", is the first. The Cenozoic, meaning "recent life", is the third and current era). As the Mesozoic Era was dominated by various reptilian creatures, it is often called the Age of Reptiles. Because the dinosaurs ruled the land, some call it the 'Age of Dinosaurs'.what is Mesozoic era - 28333454However, the most dramatic one, in terms of number of species lost, occurred at the end of the Permian Period. Both events were so significant they each marked the end of an era—the Mesozoic Era for the end-Cretaceous extinction and the Paleozoic Era for the end-Permian extinction.Paleozoic (541-252 million years ago) means ‘ancient life.’ The oldest animals on Earth appeared just before the start of this era in the Ediacaran Period, but scientists had not yet discovered them when the geologic timescale was made. Life was primitive during the Paleozoic and included many invertebrates (animals without backbones) and the earliest …South America - Geology, Plate Tectonics, Fossils: The geologic history of South America can be summarized in three different developmental stages, each corresponding to a major division of geologic time. The first stage encompassed Precambrian time (about 4.6 billion to 541 million years ago) and was characterized by a complex series of amalgamations and dispersals of stable blocks of ...The Mesozoic Era is a geological era that began 252 million years ago with a mass extinction and ended approximately 66 million years ago with another mass extinction called the K-Pg Extinction ...Oct 26, 2020 · The time scale is divided into four large periods of time—the Cenozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Paleozoic Era, and The Precambrian. Cenozoic Era. The Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago through today) is the "Age of Mammals." Birds and mammals rose in prominence after the extinction of giant reptiles. Era, a very long span of geological time; in formal usage, the second longest portion of geologic time after an eon. Ten eras are recognized by the International Union of Geological Sciences. An era is composed of one or more geological periods. The stratigraphic, or rock, term that corresponds to ‘era’ is ‘erathem.’.The ending of Mesozoic and begging of this era is the main evidence for the extinction of dinosaurs. Because two hypothesis for dinosaur extinction are proposed, these are meteoritic impact and ...30 jun 2023 ... Framing the Mesozoic: A Geological Timeline. The Mesozoic Era can be divided into three distinct geological periods: the Triassic, Jurassic ...The Mesozoic Era (251.9 to 66.0 million years ago) was the "Age of Reptiles." During the Mesozoic, Pangaea began separating into the modern continents, and the modern Rocky Mountains rose. Dinosaurs, crocodiles, and pterosaurs ruled the land and air.Gondwana: the southern super-continent. At the beginning of the Mesozoic, Gondwana formed the southern part of the single continent Pangaea. When Pangaea split about 200 million years ago, Gondwana began its own isolated journey and gradual break-up into the landmasses we know today - Australia, South America, Africa, India, Madagascar, Antarctica and New Zealand.248 to 206 Million Years Ago. In many ways, the Triassic was a time of transition. It was at this time that the world-continent of Pangaea existed, altering global climate and ocean circulation. The Triassic also follows the largest extinction event in the history of life, and so is a time when the survivors of that event spread and recolonized.The Mesozoic Era occurred between 252 million years ago and 66 million years ago, and it was a time period that was preceded and followed by a pair of major extinctions.

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what is mesozoic era

The Mesozoic Era was undoubtedly a defining time in history. The surge of plant and animal life that led to dinosaurs’ existence is a whirlwind of exciting and startling information. For two-thirds of this era (and for millions of years before humankind existed), these great creatures walked the Earth without being disturbed.Rocks of Mesozoic age in Minnesota tell the story of two major marine trangressions (or sea level rises): one during the Jurassic Period (roughly 200 million years ago) and one during the Cretaceous Period (roughly 100 million years ago). Jurassic rocks The poorly understood Jurassic rocks are known only from drill core samples in the far northwestern corner of the state (Fig. 1). These ...Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous. What are the three periods in the Mesozoic Era? - Fully assembled Pangaea (beginning of Triassic) - Pangaea starts to fragment (late Triassic) - Hexacorals appeared (modern reef builders); Marine reptiles. - End-Triassic ME, Therapsids disappear, Dinosaur age began. What are the key points of the Triassic Period?The Mesozoic Era: The Age of Reptiles, Dinosaurs and Conifers Updated on September 23, 2023 The Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 million years ago) The Mesozoic …What was the Mesozoic Era? The Mesozoic Era (also called the Mesozoic, or formerly the Secondary Era), is one of the three Eras that make up the Phanerozoic eon of the geological time scale , along with the Paleozoic (earlier) and Cenozoic (later) Era. Its duration was 186 million years.The start of the Triassic period (and the Mesozoic era) was a desolate time in Earth's history. Something—a bout of violent volcanic eruptions, climate change, or perhaps a fatal run-in with a ...Dinosaurs large or small, rapaciously carnivorous or timid have captured the imaginations of children and adults alike since the first fossil discoveries ...The Mesozoic Era begins in the wake of the largest extinction in Earth’s history. This extinction took place 252 million years ago and resulted in 96% of marine life and 70% of terrestrial life dying out. What percent of earth’s history is the Mesozoic Era? Mesozoic: 179 million years; 4%.The second of the three divisions that make up the Mesozoic era, the Jurassic period saw warm tropical greenhouse conditions world-wide, shallow continental seas, the break-up of Pangea, cosmopolitan flora and fauna, and the triumph of the majestic dinosaurs and the great sea reptiles. The name Jurassic comes from the Jura Mountains on the ...Cretaceous: Tectonics and Paleoclimate. The Cretaceous is defined as the period between 144 and 65 million years ago, the last period of the Mesozoic Era, following the Jurassic and ending with the extinction of the dinosaurs. By the beginning of the Cretaceous, the supercontinent Pangea was already rifting apart, and by the mid-Cretaceous, it had split into several smaller continents.Sep 29, 2023 · Triassic Period, in geologic time, the first period of the Mesozoic Era, lasting from 252 million to 201 million years ago. It marked the beginning of major changes that were to take place throughout the Mesozoic Era, particularly in the evolution of life and the distribution of continents and living things. It is not clear whether the flowering plants are derived from the Pteridospermales or the Cycadeoidales; however, in both groups the potential existed for modification of the plant body and the reproductive tissue to be responsive to both the physical and biological environments of the Mesozoic Era (about 252.2 million to 66 million years ago).An era of geologic time from the beginning of the Tertiary period to the present. Its name is from Greek and means "new life." Quaternary. (1.8 million years ago - Present) The second period of the Cenozoic era. It contains two epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene..

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